tangible manipulation
实体操作，将抓取、移动和互动实体物体作为主要输入方式的物理行为，是 TUI 设计的核心，根植于具身认知理论。
English Definition
"The physical act of grasping, moving, and interacting with tangible objects as a primary input modality, central to TUI design and grounded in theories of embodied cognition."
用法说明 · 针对中文母语者
在 HCI 学术写作中，'tangible manipulation' 通常与 'embodied cognition'（具身认知）、'kinaesthetic activities'（动觉活动）一起出现，强调身体动作在学习中的认知作用。
常见错误
- ·与 'physical interaction' 混用：physical interaction 是更宽泛的概念，tangible manipulation 特指可握持物体的具体操控。
- ·翻译为 '具体操作'：中文里要保留 '实体/物理' 的含义，否则会丢失 TUI 设计的关键内涵。
真实用例 · 2 条
"One common approach with younger children is the use of kinaesthetic activities, including tangible manipulation and physical movement, with many teachers believing that physicality can have a beneficial effect."
"Psychologists such as Healy [8] and human-computer interaction researchers including Antle [2], have provided evidence that tangible manipulation can simplify cognitive computation, enhance understanding, and improve memory recall."