论文专业

present-at-hand

「在手状态」（海德格尔术语 Vorhandenheit）：与上手相对，使用者将工具作为独立客体加以观察、分析、谈论或改造的意识模式。

English Definition

"A Heideggerian mode of engagement in which an object or system is treated as a distinct, observable entity—the user holds it up for conscious reflection, objectification, or troubleshooting."

用法说明 · 针对中文母语者

Dourish 用 present-at-hand 描述学习、创造、故障诊断时的反思性活动，与 ready-to-hand 形成互补。中文常译「在手」或「现成在手」。

常见错误

·误以为 present-at-hand 是「坏」的状态——它实际是创造与学习的必要阶段，Dourish 只是批评 HCI 过度偏向它

真实用例 · 2 条

"He presents traditional HCI design as being based on its opposite, i.e. rationalising, objectifying and abstracting activity, or interpretation by the user as present–at–hand."

论文Pipeline extracted — review needed·把传统 HCI 设计对应到 present-at-hand 模式

"situations where a system, tool or symbol becomes present–at–hand may be crucial to the individual's learning and to the differences between individuals."

论文Pipeline extracted — review needed·在手状态对学习与个体差异的意义

由 pipeline 自动采集，待人工 review