informed dissent
知情的异议，在儿童研究中指儿童能够基于充分理解而主动选择退出或不参与，并使这一选择被承认和尊重，而不只是被动的沉默。
English Definition
"In CCI, the concept that children should be able to refuse or opt out of research activities in an informed way, not merely through passive non-participation but as an acknowledged, respected choice."
用法说明 · 针对中文母语者
中文母语者对这个词会很陌生，建议直接保留英文。它常和 assent 一起出现，强调参与是双向（既可加入也可退出）的。
常见错误
- ·把 dissent 翻译成'反抗'或'不同意'，语气过重
- ·与 opt-out 混淆——informed dissent 更强调理解基础上的选择
真实用例 · 2 条
"In 1996, Morrow and Richards [51] was already highlighting many practical child-centred issues with regard to participation, such as informed dissent and the need to acknowledge that there were power differences in such work."
"Themes of empowerment and inclusion ... have often been explored in HCI work as well as papers on practical ways to enhance participation ... these papers all carefully consider the child's effort and the child's contribution as a point of concern, which we echo in our own reflection in this paper."