External Representation

外部表征，环境中的表征形式（如图表、物理对象、记号系统），承担信息并把认知负荷外置于心智之外（Zhang & Norman, 1994）。

English Definition

"Representations in the environment (e.g., diagrams, physical objects, notations) that carry information and offload cognition beyond the mind (Zhang & Norman, 1994)."

用法说明 · 针对中文母语者

TUI 设计的核心理论依据之一——物理对象本身就是一种 external representation。注意区分一般意义的'representation（表征）'。

常见错误

·误译为'外部代表'或'外部呈现'
·和 internal representation（内部心智表征）割裂看待

真实用例 · 2 条

"Price et al. (2008) present a taxonomy for conceptualizing tangible learning environments with respect to issues of external representation."

论文Pipeline extracted — review needed·引用 Price 等针对外部表征的分类

"The forms of both the objects and their associated digital representations carry representational information that is important in some way (Ullmer and Ishii, 2000)."

论文Pipeline extracted — review needed·呼应外部表征观点——物理对象与其数字表示都承载表征信息

由 pipeline 自动采集，待人工 review