Cognitive Apprenticeship Model
认知学徒制模型，一种教学框架，把传统师徒制拓展到认知类领域（如阅读、写作、问题解决），通过示范、教练、支架、外化、反思、探索六种方法让专家的隐性思维过程变得可见并可学习。
English Definition
"A pedagogical framework that extends traditional apprenticeship to cognitive domains, using six instructional methods (modeling, coaching, scaffolding, articulation, reflection, exploration) to make expert thinking visible and teachable."
用法说明 · 针对中文母语者
常缩写成 CAM。来源于 Collins, Brown & Newman (1989)，是教育心理学与 HCI 学习系统设计的经典框架。
常见错误
- ·不要和学徒制 (apprenticeship) 的字面含义混淆——CAM 关注的是认知技能而非手工艺
- ·不要漏掉'cognitive'，普通 apprenticeship 不涉及方法论
真实用例 · 3 条
"we draw on the Cognitive Apprenticeship Model (CAM) [6, 12], which adapts traditional apprenticeship, where skilled practitioners teach learners cognitive tasks using six instructional methods such as modeling, coaching, scaffolding, articulation, reflection, and exploration."
"The CAM [12] is a pedagogical framework that explains learning as guided practice, where experts support novices in developing skills and knowledge."
"One of its central principles is to make hidden thinking processes explicit and teachable."